Hilt、SpringDI以及厂内DI的异同

@Provides
@Singleton
fun providePopupFactory(): PopupFactory {
    return PopupFactory()
}

@Module
@InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class)
abstract class AnalyticsModule {
    @Binds
    abstract fun bindsAnalyticsService(analyticsServiceImpl: AnalyticsServiceImpl): AnalyticsService
}

/**
 * Application 类
 *
 * @author zhangzhen40@baidu.com
 * @version
 * @since 2025/08/18
 */
@HiltAndroidApp
class MyApp : Application() {
 
    @Inject
    lateinit var appManager: AppManager
 
    override fun onCreate() {
        super.onCreate()
 
    }
 
    override fun onTerminate() {
        super.onTerminate()
        appManager.unregisterReceiver()
    }
}

/**
 * App 监听管理类
 *
 * Hilt 里字段注入只能使用在 Hilt 管理的组件里（Activity、Fragment..这些组件由 Android 管理生命周期）
 * 普通类只能通过构造器注入的方式
 *
 * @author zhangzhen40@baidu.com
 * @version
 * @since 2025/08/20
 */
@Singleton
class AppManager @Inject constructor(
    @ApplicationContext private val context: Context,
    private val packageChangeReceiver: PackageChangeReceiver
) {
 
    /** 注册状态 */
    private var isRegistered = false
 
    /**
     * 注册应用安装/卸载广播
     */
    fun registerReceiver() {
        val intentFilter = IntentFilter().apply {
            addAction(Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_ADDED)
            addAction(Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_REMOVED)
            addDataScheme("package")
        }
        context.registerReceiver(packageChangeReceiver, intentFilter)
        isRegistered = !isRegistered
    }
 
    /**
     * 反注册应用安装/卸载广播
     */
    fun unregisterReceiver() {
        if (!isRegistered) {
            return
        }
        context.unregisterReceiver(packageChangeReceiver)
        isRegistered = !isRegistered
    }
 
    // TODO: 冷启嗅探
 
 
    fun addListener(listener: IAppListener) {
        packageChangeReceiver.addListener(listener)
    }
 
    fun removeListener(listener: IAppListener) {
        packageChangeReceiver.removeListener(listener)
    }
}

/**
 * 包变更广播接收器
 *
 * @author zhangzhen40@baidu.com
 * @version
 * @since 2025/08/20
 */
class PackageChangeReceiver @Inject constructor(): BroadcastReceiver() {
 
    private val listeners = mutableSetOf<IAppListener>()
 
    fun addListener(listener: IAppListener) {
        listeners.add(listener)
    }
 
    fun removeListener(listener: IAppListener) {
        listeners.remove(listener)
    }
 
    override fun onReceive(context: Context?, intent: Intent?) {
        val action = intent?.action ?: return
        val packageName = intent.data?.schemeSpecificPart ?: return
        when (action) {
            Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_ADDED -> {
                listeners.forEach { it.onAppInstall(packageName) }
            }
 
            Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_REMOVED -> {
                listeners.forEach { it.onAppUninstall(packageName) }
            }
        }
    }
}

Hilt does not know how to provide an instance of ...

@Module
@InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class) // 告诉 Hilt 这个模块的作用范围
object NetworkModule {
 
    @Provides // 告诉 Hilt，这个方法提供了 Retrofit 的实例
    @Singleton // 如果你希望这个实例是单例的
    fun provideRetrofit(): Retrofit {
        return Retrofit.Builder()
            .baseUrl("https://api.example.com/")
            .build()
    }
}

interface AnalyticsService {
    fun trackEvent(eventName: String)
}
 
class FirebaseAnalyticsService @Inject constructor() : AnalyticsService {
    override fun trackEvent(eventName: String) {
        // 使用 Firebase SDK 追踪事件
    }
}
 
@Module
@InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class)
abstract class AnalyticsModule {
 
    @Binds // 告诉 Hilt，当你需要 AnalyticsService 接口时，请使用 FirebaseAnalyticsService
    @Singleton
    abstract fun bindAnalyticsService(impl: FirebaseAnalyticsService): AnalyticsService
}

plugins {
    id("com.android.library")
    alias(libs.plugins.kotlin.android)
}
defaultConfig {
    // pplicationId "com.example.popupwindow_bestpractices"
    minSdk 24
    targetSdk 35
    versionCode 1
    versionName "1.0"
 
    testInstrumentationRunner "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
}

/**
 * MuApp Class
 *
 * @author zhangzhen40@baidu.com
 * @version
 * @since 2025/08/27
 */
@HiltAndroidApp
class MyApp :Application(){
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
 
    <application
        android:name=".MyApp"
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/Theme.MyApplication">
        <activity
            android:name=".MainActivity"
            android:exported="true">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
 
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>
 
</manifest>

/**
 * 引入 PopupWindow 模块
 *
 * @author zhangzhen40@baidu.com
 * @version
 * @since 2025/08/23
 */
@Module
@InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class)
object PopupWindowModule {
 
    @Provides
    @Singleton
    fun providePopupFactory(): PopupFactory {
        return PopupFactory
    }
}

@AndroidEntryPoint
class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
 
    @Inject
    lateinit var popupFactory: PopupFactory
 
    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        enableEdgeToEdge()
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
        ViewCompat.setOnApplyWindowInsetsListener(findViewById(R.id.main)) { v, insets ->
            val systemBars = insets.getInsets(WindowInsetsCompat.Type.systemBars())
            v.setPadding(systemBars.left, systemBars.top, systemBars.right, systemBars.bottom)
            insets
        }
        val openPopupWindowTextview = findViewById<TextView>(R.id.open_popup_window_textview)
        openPopupWindowTextview.setOnClickListener {
            val popup = popupFactory.create(PopupType.BlankPopup, this, PopupModel())
            popup.show()
        }
    }
}

Component: SingletonComponent
 
Node: IPopupService
Provider: PopupServiceImpl
Scope: Singleton
 
Rule:
  IPopupService  ←  PopupServiceImpl

// 定义不同的Qualifier
@Retention(AnnotationRetention.BINARY)
@Qualifier
annotation class DefaultPopup
 
@Retention(AnnotationRetention.BINARY)
@Qualifier
annotation class CustomPopup
 
// 在Module中提供多个实现
@Module
@InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class)
object PopupWindowModule {
 
    @Provides
    @Singleton
    @DefaultPopup
    fun provideDefaultPopupFactory(): PopupFactory {
        return DefaultPopupFactory()
    }
 
    @Provides
    @Singleton
    @CustomPopup
    fun provideCustomPopupFactory(): PopupFactory {
        return CustomPopupFactory()
    }
}

@Inject
@DefaultPopup
lateinit var defaultPopupFactory: PopupFactory
 
@Inject
@CustomPopup
lateinit var customPopupFactory: PopupFactory

// 依赖注入
implementation "com.baidu.pyramid:pyramid-annotation:${LIB_NADCORE_PYRAMID_DI_ANNOTATION_VERSION}"
implementation "com.baidu.searchbox.pyramid:service:${LIB_NADCORE_PYRAMID_SERVICE_VERSION}"

@Autowired
public class AdRuntimeHolder {
 
    /**  debug标签  */
    public static final boolean DEBUG = AppConfig.isDebug();
 
    /**
     * 获取 IAdRuntime 单例对象。
     * @return IAdRuntime 单例
     */
    @Inject(force = false)
    @NonNull
    public static IAdRuntime getAdRuntime() {
        // 依赖注入框架会将 null 替换为AdRuntime的单例对象
        return IAdRuntime.EMPTY;
    }
 
    /**
     * 获取 IAdDownloader 单例对象
     * @return IAdDownloader 单例
     */
    @Inject(force = false)
    @Singleton
    @NonNull
    public static IAdDownloader getAdDownloader() {
        return IAdDownloader.EMPTY;
    }
}

IAdRuntime runtime = AdRuntimeHolder.getAdRuntime();

/**
 * 短小融合一跳广告参数存储接口
 *
 * @return INadVideoFlowSchemeParamsProxy
 */
@Inject(force = false)          // 表示依赖注入（如果容器里没有实现，也不会报错，用默认值兜底）
@Singleton                      // 注入的对象保持单例（全局唯一）
@NonNull                        // 不允许返回 null，至少保证 EMPTY
public static INadVideoFlowSchemeParamsProxy getVideoFlowSchemeParamsProxy() {
    return INadVideoFlowSchemeParamsProxy.Companion.getEMPTY();
}

interface INadVideoFlowSchemeParamsProxy {
    fun getAdResource(nid: String): String?
    fun saveAdResource(nid: String?, adResource: String?)
    fun clearCache()
 
    companion object {
    val EMPTY = object : INadVideoFlowSchemeParamsProxy {
        override fun getAdResource(nid: String) = null
        override fun saveAdResource(nid: String?, adResource: String?) = Unit
        override fun clearCache() = Unit
    }
}
}

@Autowired
public class NadVideoFlowSchemeHolder {
    @Inject(force = false)
    @Singleton
    @NonNull
    public static INadVideoFlowSchemeParamsProxy getVideoFlowSchemeParamsProxy() {
        // 默认返回 EMPTY（空实现）
        return INadVideoFlowSchemeParamsProxy.Companion.getEMPTY();
    }
}

INadVideoFlowSchemeParamsProxy proxy = NadVideoFlowSchemeHolder.getVideoFlowSchemeParamsProxy();
proxy.saveAdResource("123", "{广告数据}");
String ad = proxy.getAdResource("123");
proxy.clearCache();

@Service
@Singleton
class NadVideoFlowSchemeParamsProxy: INadVideoFlowSchemeParamsProxy {
    ...
}

interface INadVideoFlowSchemeParamsProxy { ... }

@Inject(force = false)
@Singleton
@NonNull
public static INadVideoFlowSchemeParamsProxy getVideoFlowSchemeParamsProxy() {
    return INadVideoFlowSchemeParamsProxy.Companion.getEMPTY();
}

AdRuntimeHolder.getVideoFlowSchemeParamsProxy()